Abstract
The root is the main site of nitrogen (N) acquisition and aluminum (Al) toxicity. The objective of this study is to investigate whether liming and cultivation of an Al-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar can improve root growth, thereby increasing N acquisition by rice plants in acid paddy soil. Two rice cultivars (‘B690’, Al-sensitive, and ‘Yugeng5’, Al-tolerant) were cultivated with 15N-labeled urea, and with or without lime in an acid paddy soil (pH 4.9) in pots. We examined root and shoot growth, soil pH, soil exchangeable Al, N uptake, 15N distribution in plant-soil system, and fertilizer N recovery efficiency. Results showed that liming improved the root growth of ‘B690’ by decreasing soil exchangeable Al concentrations, in both N-limited and N-fertilized soils. Liming enhanced the N uptake of ‘B690’ only in the absence of N fertilizer. The root weight of ‘Yugeng5’ was greater than that of ‘B690’ without lime, but the two cultivars showed similar N uptake. The fertilizer N recovery efficiency and N loss did not differ significantly between limed and non-limed conditions, or between the two rice cultivars. Thus, liming an Al-sensitive rice cultivar and cultivating an Al-tolerant one improves root growth, but does not enhance fertilizer N recovery efficiency in the present acid paddy soil.
Highlights
IntroductionThe cultivation of crops in acid soils is important for agricultural production and food security
Acid soils are present in more than 50% of the cultivated and cultivable land area worldwide [1]
N isotopeofdilution method, or between the two rice cultivars (Figure 8). These results show that liming and cultivation of an or between the two rice cultivars. These results show that liming and cultivation of an did not differ significantly between the −Ca and +Ca treatments, Al-tolerant rice cultivar did not improve fertilizer N recovery efficiency (FNRE) in the present acid paddy soil
Summary
The cultivation of crops in acid soils is important for agricultural production and food security. Agricultural productivity in acid soils is limited by a combination of soil stress factors, including the high contents of available aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe) and protons (H+ ), and deficiencies of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) [1,2]. Aluminum toxicity is generally considered as the primary limiting factor for plant growth in acid soils [3,4]. Roots are the main organs through which plants acquire various mineral nutrients from the soil [8,9]. The inhibitory effects of Al on root growth may result in reduced nutrient uptake from acid soils [10], which will
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