Improved proton conductivity and mechanical performance of phosphoric acid doped aminated PAF-1 reinforced OPBI for high temperature proton exchange membranes

Abstract

High-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs) doped with phosphoric acid (PA) can achieve high proton conduction at high phosphoric acid doping level (ADL). However, polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes have problems with PA loss, poor mechanical properties, and other issues at high ADL. Herein, PAF-1-NH2 was obtained through an amination of porous aromatic frameworks with an ultrahigh specific surface area (PAF-1), and APAF-1 was prepared by vacuum injection of PA on PAF-1-NH2 to increase the ADL through the high basic site amount and specific area. APAF-1/OPBI composite HT-PEMs was prepared by solution casting method. The composite membrane maintained superior mechanical properties, high proton conductivity and low dimensional swelling ratio (166.2%) even with a high PA doping rate (328.5%), due to the rigid structure of APAF-1 and the strong interfacial interaction between APAF-1 and OPBI. The mechanical strength and proton conductivity of the 10%APAF-1/OPBI were 20.86 MPa and 0.107 S cm−1 at 200 °C, respectively, which was about 2.43 times that of the OPBI membrane (0.044 S cm−1). When the catalyst Pt dosage was only 0.3 mg cm−2, the peak power density of the H2/O2 fuel cell at 180 °C was 366.6 mW cm−2. Therefore, this work presented a new approach for preparing HT-PEMs with excellent comprehensive properties.