Abstract
Two boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) triads, namely BODIPY-1 and BODIPY-2, were synthesized and incorporated with poly-3-hexyl thiophene: (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) P3HT:PCBM. The photovoltaic performance of BODIPY:P3HT:PCBM ternary solar cells was increased, as compared to the control binary solar cells (P3HT:PCBM). The optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of BODIPY-1:P3HT:PCBM was improved from 2.22% to 3.43%. The enhancement of PCE was attributed to cascade charge transfer, an improved external quantum efficiency (EQE) with increased short circuit current (Jsc), and more homogeneous morphology in the ternary blend.
Highlights
A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk heterojunction solar cells of over 13% has been achieved through remarkable progress in the development of narrow gap polymers and non-fullerene acceptors [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
A ternary system offers several advantages including: (a) Light harvesting can be improved by the complementary absorption of the third component. (b) Photovoltaic parameters, short circuit current (Jsc ), open circuit voltage (Voc ), and fill factor (FF), can be optimized by varying the ratio of donor or acceptor moieties. (c) The morphology and phase separation of the active layer, which play a key role in determining the efficiency, can be adjusted and controlled. (d) The fabrication method is easier than those of multi-layer or tandem solar cells [17,21,22,23,24]
We found that incorporating a lower quantity of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) in poly-3-hexyl thiophene (P3HT):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) led to a reduction in the performance of devices
Summary
A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk heterojunction solar cells of over 13% has been achieved through remarkable progress in the development of narrow gap polymers and non-fullerene acceptors [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. An et al blended a 2-D conjugated small molecule, SMPV1, in P3HT:PC71 BM and found that SMPV1 can extend the light absorption of the ternary system, resulting in increased photon harvesting in the longer wavelength region They found that the PCE of ternary solar cells was increased from 3.35% to 4.06%. Wang et al employed a small diketopyrrolopyrrole based molecule, namely, DPP4T-Cz, as the third component in P3HT:PCBM solar cells They found that a small amount of DPP4T-Cz (3.4 wt.%) can increase the PCE to 30%, which was attributed to the panchromatic light absorption and energy transfer from P3HT to DPP4T-Cz [35]. BODIPY:P3HT donors were blended with fullerene derivative (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61 BM), an acceptor, to fabricate ternary solar cells. The solar cell efficiency was investigated and the influence of blending BODIPY on the photovoltaic parameter, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and the surface morphology were discussed
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