Improved osteogenic activity of NiTi orthopedic implant by HAp-Nb2O5 composite coatings: Materials and biological points of view

Abstract

The surface properties of NiTi, as an interface between the synthetic implant and living tissue, play a vital role in guaranteeing implantation success, especially during the initial stage. This contribution endeavors to enhance the surface features of NiTi orthopedic implants through the application of HAp-based coatings, placing emphasis on assessing the influence of Nb2O5 particles concentration in the electrolyte on resultant properties of HAp-Nb2O5 composite electrodeposits. The coatings were electrodeposited via pulse current mode under galvanostatic current control from an electrolyte containing 0–1 g/L of Nb2O5 particles. Surface morphology, topography, and phase composition were evaluated using FESEM, AFM, and XRD, respectively. EDS was employed to study surface chemistry. In vitro biomineralization and osteogenic activity of the samples were studied by immersing the samples in SBF and incubating them with osteoblastic SAOS-2 cells, respectively. The added Nb2O5 particles, at the optimum concentration, stimulated biomineralization, suppressed the Ni ion leaching, and improved SAOS-2 cell adhesion and proliferation. NiTi implant coated by HAp-0.50 g/L Nb2O5 layer showed tremendous osteogenic properties. Overall, the HAp-Nb2O5 composite layers bring forth fascinating coating in vitro biological performance, reducing Ni leaching, and promoting osteogenic activity, which are fundamental for the successful use of NiTi in vivo.