Abstract
BackgroundMushroom showed pellet, clump and/or filamentous mycelial morphologies during submerged fermentation. Addition of microparticles including Talc (magnesium silicate), aluminum oxide and titanium oxide could control mycelial morphologies to improve mycelia growth and secondary metabolites production. Here, effect of microparticle Talc (45 μm) addition on the mycelial morphology, fermentation performance, monosaccharide compositions of polysaccharides and enzymes activities associated with polysaccharide synthesis in G. frondosa was well investigated to find a clue of the relationship between polysaccharide biosynthesis and morphological changes.ResultsAddition of Talc decreased the diameter of the pellets and increased the percentage of S-fraction mycelia. Talc gave the maximum mycelial biomass of 19.25 g/L and exo-polysaccharide of 3.12 g/L at 6.0 g/L of Talc, and mycelial polysaccharide of 0.24 g/g at 3.0 g/L of Talc. Talc altered the monosaccharide compositions/percentages in G. frondosa mycelial polysaccharide with highest mannose percentage of 62.76 % and lowest glucose percentage of 15.22 % followed with the corresponding changes of polysaccharide-synthesis associated enzymes including lowest UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) activity of 91.18 mU/mg and highest UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDG) and GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPPB) activities of 81.45 mU/mg and 93.15 mU/mg.ConclusionOur findings revealed that the presence of Talc significantly changed the polysaccharide production and sugar compositions/percentages in mycelial and exo-polysaccharides by affecting mycelial morphology and polysaccharide-biosynthesis related enzymes activities of G. frondosa.
Highlights
IntroductionClump and/or filamentous mycelial morphologies during submerged fermentation
Mushroom showed pellet, clump and/or filamentous mycelial morphologies during submerged fermentation
After removing Talc with 300 micron-size nylon mesh, the samples were collected from each flask for analyzing mycelial morphology, mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide concentrations, and polysaccharides compositions and enzymes activities related to polysaccharide-synthesis in G. frondosa
Summary
Clump and/or filamentous mycelial morphologies during submerged fermentation. Addition of microparticles including Talc (magnesium silicate), aluminum oxide and titanium oxide could control mycelial morphologies to improve mycelia growth and secondary metabolites production. Mushroom polysaccharides are prepared from the fruiting bodies, mycelia and/or submerged fermentation broth [4,5,6]. The mushroom mycelia showed pellet, clump and/or filamentous morphologies during fermentation [12, 13]. The strain physiology, culture conditions and process parameters changed morphological appearances, which further influenced the fermentation performance including nutrient consumption, oxygen uptake rate, mycelia growth and metabolites production [14].
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