Improved Immune Algorithm for Power Economic Dispatch Considering Units with Prohibited Operating Zones and Spinning Reserve

Abstract

This study proposes an improved immune algorithm (IIA) with multiplier updating (MU) for power economic dispatch (PED) considering units with both of prohibited operating zones (POZ) and spinning reserve. The IIA equipped with an accelerated operation and a migration operation can efficiently search and actively explore solutions. The MU is introduced to handle the equality and inequality constraints of the power system. To show the advantages of the proposed algorithm, three realistic examples are investigated, and computational results of the proposed method are compared with that of previous methods. The proposed approach (IIA-MU) integrates the IIA and the MU, revealing that the proposed approach has the following merits - ease of implementation; applicability to non-convex fuel cost functions; better effectiveness than previous methods; better efficiency than immune algorithm with the MU (IA-MU), and the requirement for only a small population in applying the optimal PED problem of generators with POZ and spinning reserve.