Improved hydrogen storage properties of MgH2 by nickel@nitrogen-doped carbon spheres.

Abstract

Magnesium hydride is considered to be one of the most desirable hydrogen storage materials due to its high weight capacity (7.6 wt% H2) and low price. However, its relatively high operating temperatures and slow dynamics have always hampered its commercial applications. In this paper, nano-nickel particle coated nitrogen-doped carbon spheres (Ni@NCS) were synthesized by a chemical reduction method and then introduced into Mg to form an MgH2-Ni@NCS composite via hydriding combustion and subsequent high-energy ball milling processes. The results showed that the MgH2-Ni@NCS composite possessed high hydrogen storage capacity and fast absorbing/desorbing kinetics, absorbing 5.7 wt% H2 and desorbing 4.3 wt% H2 within 8 min at 623 K. Moreover, the capacity shows negligible degradation after 10 cycles, indicating that the MgH2-Ni@NCS composite has good cycling stability. Even at relatively low temperature (373 K), the MgH2-Ni@NCS composite still absorbed 4.2 wt% H2 within 60 min compared to 0.9 wt% H2 for milled MgH2. The improvement in hydrogen storage properties is ascribed to the in situ formed Mg2NiH4 induced dehydrogenation of MgH2 and effective prevention of the agglomeration of magnesium during the hydriding/dehydriding reaction by the carbon material.