Abstract
The total water withdrawal for U.S. industrial sectors decreased by ∼20 trillion gallons for 2005–2010, representing a reduction of 14% compared to the 2005 water withdrawal. The contributions of five governing factors—population, GDP per capita, water use intensity, production structure, and consumption pattern—to changes in total water withdrawal for industrial sectors during the five years were investigated on the basis of the most recent U.S. economic input–output and U.S. Geological Survey water withdrawal data. Changes in population and consumption pattern caused increases in water withdrawal, while changes in GDP per capita, water use intensity, and production structure contributed to declines in water withdrawal between 2005 and 2010. The change in water use intensity was the greatest contributor to the overall reduction in total water withdrawal during 2005–2010.
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