Abstract
The thermally induced depolarization along with the disappearance/loss of macroscopic piezoelectricity is an inevitable issue in ferroelectrics. Motivated from the Landau phenomenological theory, we have developed a strategy to create inner bias field via forming ordered defect dipoles in the NBTBT via CoFe2O4 (CFO) doping and electric poling. It is proposed that the deferred depolarization is related to the formed inner bias field in the CFO-doped NBTBT ceramics. Temperature-dependent dielectric, piezoelectric, strain and ferroelectric behaviors have been measured to evidence the improved thermal stability after CFO doping. It is found that the depolarization temperature of NBTBT-0.02 with a little sacrifice of piezoelectric response is improved to 138 °C, which is 41 °C higher than the pure NBTBT samples. Our study not only provides a feasible paradigm to enhance the ferroelectric order in NBT based materials though defect dipoles, but also inspires further works to promote the depolarization temperature in other ferroelectric materials.
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