Abstract
Many attempts on optimization of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] tissue culture induction media have been made, but the culture system remains with some bottlenecks compared to that of other crops. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of various induction media to produce embryogenic callus (yellow and friable) with high induction rates and reduced phenolic exudation. The six culture medium modifications: 3 based on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and one each based on Chu N6, Gamborg B5 and 190-2 media respectively were applied in the culture of mature embryos from 10 sorghum genotypes. Although there was a genotype influence on the attainment of a yellow callus, friability of the callus was determined to be dependent on the culture medium and not the genotype. Half strength MS medium with 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D with 2.8 g/l Gelrite® as the gelling agent modified with 1.0 g/l KH2PO4, 1.0 g/l L-proline, 1.0 g/l L-asparagine and 0.16 mg/l CuSO4·5H2O (type E) was found to be the most effective resulting in about 60% yellow coloured callus induction with 25% friability. Addition of CuSO4·5H2O, KH2PO4, L-proline and L-asparagine significantly reduced the phenolic production. Half strength MS medium was observed to contribute to quality callus production when compared to full strength MS media modified with the compounds. The half strength MS medium was also observed to suppress phenolic production. Medium 190-2 produced the highest regeneration frequency (40%) among the 3-regeneration media tested. The results provide information on a suitable sorghum callus induction medium necessary for embryogenesis.
Highlights
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a water-stress tolerant plant with a C4 photosynthesis system [1,2]
This study explored the effect of six callus induction media on their effect in generation of embryogenic callus from mature embryo explants of 10 Hungarian sorghum genotypes (hybrids ‘Alföldi 1’, ‘GK Emese’, ‘GK Zsófia’, ‘Róna 1’, ‘GK Áron’, ‘GK Erick’, ‘GK Csaba’, and candidates ‘ARET × VSZ21KKD’, ‘(A119 × KS60B) × SMRIL’, ‘AIL-1 × B119 × Va-Cir’)
The study allowed an investigation on the difference in the effect of full strength and half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) media modified with amino acids L-proline and L-asparagine, KH2PO4 and CuSO4·5H2O in sorghum somatic embryogenesis and to compare their efficiency in quality callus induction thereof with the induction on non-modified half strength MS, Chu N6, Gamborg B5 and 190-2 media
Summary
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a water-stress tolerant plant with a C4 photosynthesis system [1,2]. It belongs to the family Poaceae, tribe Adropoganeae and genus Sorghum [3], and has its center of diversity in northeast Africa [2]. The crop, which is a dietary staple for more than 500 million people in over 30 countries [4] of Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT), especially due to its drought tolerance trait [2], is the fifth of the most consumed food crops in the world [4]. Abiotic and biotic stress tolerant crops are other products that sorghum breeding must accelerate to deliver [6]. Technologies that utilize tissue culture techniques such as doubled haploidy assure some of the fastest ways to produce the improved crop [7,8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
