Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL), [BMIM]Cl-water was applied in cellulose pretreatment process and the pretreated cellulose was used in subsequent polyethylene glycol liquefaction process as a new application method. Cellulose recovery rate and molecular weight value of pretreated cellulose were investigated to understand the influence of IL-water mixtures by adding the different amount of catalysis on cellulose crystalline structure. Gel permeation chromatograph, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermo gravimetric/differential thermal analysis were used to clarify the changes of pretreated cellulose. The results showed that the pretreated cellulose was improved in crystalline structure, molecular weight distribution and thermal stability. The liquefied residues from untreated cellulose and pretreated cellulose were considered as a significant index to determine the effect of IL-water mixture on cellulose. It suggested that the lower molecular weight of cellulose was obtained, the crystalline structure was disrupted and less order was formed. The liquefied residues result suggested that the lower residues at the latter stages of the reaction from the pretreated cellulose were observed.
Highlights
Liquefaction technology can convert the chemical component of biomass to polymer liquid material, which can be used in the production of adhesives, foamed material [1]
The pretreatment of lignocelluloses for subsequent applications process can be attributed to the variation of solubility, surface structure, crystalline structure, degree of polymerization (DP) and particle size
The rigidity of cellulose fibers increases and their flexibility decreases with increasing ratio of crystalline to amorphous regions
Summary
Liquefaction technology can convert the chemical component of biomass to polymer liquid material, which can be used in the production of adhesives, foamed material [1]. With the increasing concern on fossil fuel depletion and environmental footprint, a rising global interest appears in preparation of biomass-based materials such as biomass-based polyurethane foams [2,3]. The biomass-based polymers materials haven’t been widely applicable of a commercial manufacture due to some problems. It was inefficient to liquefy biomass with a longer reaction time such as bamboo which contains higher crystalline structure in cellulose [5]. This long reaction time considerably increases the product cost of biomass-based products and hinders future commercialization efforts.
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