Improved Augmented Electric Field Integral Equation Method for Modeling Micro-Scale Structures

Abstract

An improved augmented electric field integral equation method for modeling micro-scale structures is proposed in this article. The scaling property of the matrix systems of the original electric field integral equation method and the corresponding augmented electric field integral equation method are analyzed in detail. It is found that though the augmented electric field integral equation method works well for ordinary structures at very low frequencies, the matrix is ill conditioned for micro-scale structures with very dense mesh. Different balancing techniques are studied to alleviate this problem. A normalization factor is proposed to make the system stable for electrically small structures, especially for micro-scale structures working at several GHz. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and stability of this method.