Abstract
This study proposed an aerosol characterization process using satellites for severe biomass burning events. In general, these severely hazy cases are labeled as “undecided” or “hazy.” Because atmospheric aerosols are significantly affected by factors such as air quality, global climate change, local environmental risk, and human and biological health, efficient and accurate algorithms for aerosol retrieval are required for global satellite data processing. Our previous classification of aerosol types was based primarily on near-ultraviolet (UV) data, which facilitated subsequent aerosol retrieval. In this study, algorithms for aerosol classification were expanded to events with serious biomass burning aerosols (SBBAs). Once a biomass burning event is identified, the appropriate radiation simulation method can be applied to characterize the SBBAs. The second-generation global imager (SGLI) on board the Japanese mission JAXA/Global Change Observation Mission-Climate contains 19 channels, including red (674 nm) and near-infrared (869 nm) polarization channels with a high resolution of 1 km. Using the large-scale wildfires in Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2019 as an example, the complementarity between the polarization information and the nonpolarized radiance measurements from the SGLI was demonstrated to be effective in radiation simulations for biomass burning aerosol retrieval. The retrieved results were verified using NASA/AERONET ground-based measurements, and then compared against JAXA/SGLI/L2-version-1 products, and JMA/Himawari-8/AHI observations.
Highlights
Since 2019, large-scale forest fires have occurred in many parts of the world, including the Amazon, Australia, the west coast of North America, Siberia, and Indonesia
This study demonstrates the advantages of the second-generation global imager (SGLI) in detecting and characterizing biomass burning aerosols (BBAs) during severe wildfire events
Asia is not safeguarded from the damage caused by BBAs
Summary
Since 2019, large-scale forest fires have occurred in many parts of the world, including the Amazon, Australia, the west coast of North America, Siberia, and Indonesia. The occurrence of forest fires has increased because of global warming and climate change. The Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report on global warming (https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ accessed on 14 February 2021) emphasized the importance of investigating aerosol characteristics and the dependency of positive or negative radiative effects on aerosol types [9,10]. The Fifth IPCC report highlighted the warming effect of black carbon aerosols as opposed to the cooling effect of other aerosol types. Large-scale wildfires and global warming are interdependent [11,12]. Carbonaceous aerosols, such as smoke, soot, and black/brown carbon, should be rigorously defined. Characteristics and distribution of atmospheric aerosols are complex [13] and, to date, have not yet been sufficiently elucidated
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