Abstract
PurposeThis study investigates the accuracy of abutment transfer with current impression materials and provides a concise overview, including other relevant factors, in order to enable clinicians to make an informed decision about the optimal impression for this treatment procedure.MethodsIn all, 96 impressions of a cadaver head with two orthodontic miniscrews in place were taken with four common impression materials by two observers and using two methods of application. After pouring with a standard type IV stone and abutment transfer, all models and the upper jaw (which had been separated from the head) were scanned in a standard model scanner (Zirkonzahn® [Zirkohnzahn GmbH, Gais, Italy] S600 ARTI) and evaluated using a computer-aided design (CAD) program (GOM-Inspect [Gesellschaft für optische Messtechnik m.b.H., Braunschweig, Germany]). The deviations were measured at six points per screw and statistically evaluated with SPSS® (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA).ResultsOptimal values were obtained with biphasic polyvinylsiloxane, while monophasic polyvinylsiloxane, alginate and polyether also resulted in acceptable accuracy. Observer experience showed no effect and the method of application had only a minor effect on accuracy.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it seems that all impression materials are suitable for miniscrew abutment transfer, provided that methods of intraoral adaptation of the orthodontic appliance can be employed. If higher accuracy is needed or for clinicians with less experienced, a biphasic polyvinylsiloxane impression with the putty-wash technique should be used as this combination reduces setting time. The most cost-effective version, alginate, can be used if the consequences of greater deviations can be handled. Caution is advised with polyether if undercuts are present.
Highlights
In recent years, orthodontic miniscrews have been increasingly used in orthodontics as an integral part of modern therapeutic approaches [4, 16]
While palatal orthodontic implants focus on osseointegration to achieve stability, the obvious advantage of orthodontic miniscrews lies in the use of primary stability resulting from mechanical retention, which makes them far easier to remove [7, 14, 16]
The results showed differences with regard to the level of deviation in the three spatial dimensions when applying the four different materials, which were each applied by two observers using two different methods
Summary
Orthodontic miniscrews have been increasingly used in orthodontics as an integral part of modern therapeutic approaches [4, 16]. They are the most commonly applied skeletal anchorage system (temporary anchorage devices, TADs) [17]. A few approaches have been described, such as the use of individualized impression abutments [27], orthodontic implants with impression abutments [7], adaptation of the orthodontic mechanism or [8] the abutment-carrying palatal miniscrew, as a means of avoiding potential problems during transfer
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