Importância do teste de avidez da imunoglobulina G (IgG) antiToxoplasma gondii no diagnóstico da toxoplasmose em gestantes

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease worldwide distributed. Congenital infection with Toxoplasma gondii can be serious and even lethal, so it is essential to initiate the prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy, for achieving early diagnosis. When the Toxoplasma immunoglobulin-M serology is positive, the additional confirmatory tests are required, such as testing for T. gondii specific immunoglobulin-G avidity, which is useful for identifying the acute toxoplasmosis from the past infection. The present study performed a review on the use of IgG avidity test for toxoplasmosis diagnosis during pregnancy, by consulting journals indexed in Lilacs, SciELO and PubMed databases. The anti-Toxoplasma IgG avidity test is capable to set the disease phase with high accuracy, and it is directly associated with the best clinical practice for patients with positive anti-Toxoplama gondii IgM antibody during pregnancy. The implementation of this test in prenatal screening in a national context requires a joint effort to establish an effective strategy to control the gestational toxoplasmosis.