Important institutions-innovators of economic transformations

Abstract

The leading and modern types of innovation structures in the economy are considered in this paper. The development of integration processes between the structures contributes to the formation of full-fledged, effectively functioning national innovation model of the economy. Their selection is based on the characteristic feature of modern world economic development − the transition of leading countries to a new stage in the of innovative society formation, building the economy based primarily on the generation, dissemination and use of knowledge. Ukraine's place in the world innovation processes does not correspond to the existing business innovation and intellectual potential in the country. Therefore, it is noted that the development of relationships between the elements of the innovation system will accelerate the innovative ideas introduction into the economy and increase the innovation coverage in various sectors of the economy. It is substantiated that the basis of innovation-integrated structures functioning at the present stage of economic development is a coordinated system of production-technological, intellectual, communication and financial relations between all its participants. Based on the analysis of foreign experience in the formation of development institutions in the diverse institutional environment, and taking into account the specifics of the innovation system in Ukraine, possible successful version of interaction of its main participants: government, industry and academia, intermediate financial and nonfinancial institutions is proposed. The approaches to the organization of innovation activity with the participation of the innovation cluster and the innovation ecosystem, which are typical for the developed foreign countries in this direction, are indicated. Due to this, it is possible to obtain the following positive effects: increase of investment attractiveness; accelerated development of the innovative sector of the economy; growth of enterprises productivity; ensuring the development of business and institutional infrastructure; small and medium business development; job creation and employment growth; improvement of the population life quality and the international economy competitiveness.