Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate association between thyroid dysfunction, lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study has been conducted on 100 diagnosed patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type – II and 100 healthy subjects of either sex of similar age group admitted or attending outpatient department of Jawahar Lal Nehru Hospital, Ajmer. Venous blood sample were withdrawn and assayed for thyroid function such as FT4, FT3, T3, T4, TSH and other biochemical investigation such as FPG, HbA1c and lipid profile. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 12.0 for windows). Independent t test was used to compare quantitative data in groups. RESULTS: There is a marked Dyslipidemia with characteristic increase in the levels of Total Cholesterol, TG, VLDL-C, and LDL-C whereas the level of HDL-C decreases in Diabetic patients. Out of 100 Diabetic patients 34 have Thyroid Dysfunction out of which 26 have Hypothyroidism and 8 have Hyperthyroidism. The increase in the value of Serum Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-C, VLDL-C and decrease in HDL –C level was observed statistically Highly Significant (p<0.0001) in Hypothyroid Diabetic subjects and Non – Significant (p=0.1072) in Hyperthyroid Diabetic subjects when compared with Euthyroid Diabetic subjects. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that screening of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients is necessary because in Type 2 diabetics the prevalence of Hypothyroidism was higher with a significant increase in the levels of Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride and LDL - C while the levels of HDL – C decreases.
Highlights
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus [21]
There is a marked Dyslipidemia with characteristic increase in the levels of Total Cholesterol, TG, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreases in Diabetic patients
HbA1C was found to increase in patients with diabetes to approximately 16%, and the amount of increase was directly proportional to the fasting blood glucose level [22]
Summary
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus [21]. Diabetes has been shown to be associated with numerous thrombotic, atherosclerotic and cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol has been pointed out as the cause of atherosclerosis. Other lipids, such as triglycerides and phospholipids show similar correlation [12]. As these studies do not fully explain the association of thyroid hormones and dyslipidemia in Type II Diabetes Mellitus subjects, it requires further study.
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