Abstract
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease characterized by progressive stages after the vulnerability of the immune system to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, which can affect the worldwide population. The antiretroviral therapy (ART) indicated for infected patients improves the patient's quality of life by preventing disease progression. The health team, including the pharmacist, is essential to assist and ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapeutic treatment. This work aims to present the importance of pharmaceutical care in pharmacotherapeutic follow-up for HIV/AIDS patients through an integrative literature review. 14 articles were analyzed, which showed a prevalence of the disease in a male patient over 30 years old, with an incidence always greater than 50%. The main causes that hinder adherence to antiretrovirals are disinformation on the risk of non-adherence, lack of understanding about prescription drugs, low education, drug, and alcohol use among male patients. Studies have shown that pharmaceutical care and the multidisciplinary team can positively assist in increasing adherence to antiretrovirals. Therefore, the interventions and guidelines carried out by the pharmaceutical professional together with the health team show promising results that favor adherence to medications by patients with HIV/AIDS. However, greater commitment and collaboration between health professionals is necessary to improve the quality of life of these patients, working mainly in the process of adhering to treatment.
Highlights
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease characterized by progressive stages after the vulnerability of the immune system to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, which can affect the worldwide population
AIDS is an infectious disease caused by HIV marked by progressions due to the reduction of immune cells of the lymphoid lineage, T helper lymphocytes (Th cells), known as CD4 + cells, caused by a significant increase viral load (Moraes, Oliveira & Costa, 2014)
The 2019 National HIV/AIDS Epidemiological Bulletin indicates that 69% of HIV/AIDS cases reported in the country since 2007 are males
Summary
This work was elaborated from an integrative literature review, which according to Souza, Silva and Carvalho (2010) is a method that makes it possible to singularize the results of available scientific knowledge on a given theme to delineate and direct the data for analysis with rigor and scientific methodology. To find research on the importance of pharmaceutical care in the dispensing and monitoring of patients with HIV/AIDS, it searched papers indexed in the databases of Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Google Scholar and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). The terms used were: "Pharmaceutical Care", "HIV", "AIDS" and "Adherence to pharmacotherapeutic treatment". The inclusion criteria were articles published in the period from 2014 to 2020; articles related to the theme; articles in Portuguese; original articles and bibliographic review. Exclusion criteria were considered studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria
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