Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a microbial contamination of the bladder and related organs. Study subjects were those who had no structural anomaly and no co-occurring diseases, such as diabetes, or were either immunocompromised or pregnant. Simple UTI is also defined as cystitis or inferior UTI. This study was a prospective, single center study conducted at a tertiary level clinic and its associated bacteriology laboratory. Patients whose urine tests were collected by the microbiology test center over a 6-month period were enrolled in the study. Culture and vulnerability results were obtained directly from the microbiology test center. Of the 1306 samples obtained, 888 (68%) were from females and 418 (32%) from males. This study identified the predominant UTI-causing microbes and the associated antimicrobial vulnerabilities. In males, Escherichia coli (36.8%) was the predominant microbe followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 19.8%, Proteus spp. 17.4%, Staphylococcus aureus 10.0%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5.5%, Citrobacter spp. 5.0%, Staphylococcus saprophyticus 0.7%, Enterococcus faecalis 1.4%, and Acinetobacter spp. 0.7%. In females, E. coli (49.4%) was predominant, whereas Acinetobacter spp. (0.3%) was the least dominant. The considerable susceptibility of E. coli to meropenem (73.6%) and imipenem (73.5%) was similar to that reported in different investigations across India. In this study, the susceptibility of E. coli to piperacillin + tazobactam and ciprofloxacin was 42.7% and 14.3%, respectively. Stewardship of urinalysis and urine culture, especially among clinicians might be a successful upstream strategy for reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use for UTI. Thus, it is critical to routinely screen for resistance or susceptibility in samples of uropathogens, so the protocols for proper antibiotic treatment can be enhanced to incorporate antimicrobials with less resistance, supporting physicians in the appropriate treatment of UTIs resulting in insignificant remedial disappointments.
Highlights
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a microbial contamination of the bladder and related organs
Simple UTI is defined as cystitis or inferior UTI
Patients whose urine tests were collected by the microbiology test center over a 6-month period were enrolled in the study
Summary
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a microbial contamination of the bladder and related organs. These are subjects who have no structural anomaly and no co-occurring diseases, such as diabetes, immunocompromised, or expecting. Simple UTI is defined as cystitis or inferior UTI. Women get affected with UTI in their lifetime, and is one of the most typical infections in women.[1] Most simple UTIs resolve naturally without any medication; several women pursue treatment for indications. Treatment is meant to avoid the spread of infection to the kidneys and even as upper tract infections like pyelonephritis, which leads to damage of the sensitive tissues in the nephrons and cause hypertension.[2]
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