Abstract
An air quality monitoring network (AQMN) is a basic piece of environmental management due to that it satisfies the major role in monitoring of environment emissions, in special relevance to target air pollutants. An adequate installation would lead to support high efficiency of the network. Therefore, AQMN pre-layout should be considered as an essential factor in regarding with the location of fixed measurement stations within AQMN, as the minimum number of sampling points. Nevertheless, once AQMN has been already installed, and given that the spatial air pollutants pattern can vary along time, an assessment of the AQMN design would be addressed in order to identify the presence of potential redundant fixed monitoring stations. This approach would let to improve the AQMN performance, reduce maintenance costs of the network and consolidate the investment on those more efficient fixed stations. The chapter includes aspects relative to air pollutants measured by networks, their representativeness, limitations, importance, and the future needs. It ponders the need of re-assessment of the AQMN layout for assuring (i) a right evaluation of the human being exposure to atmospheric pollutants and controlling the environmental emissions into the atmosphere and (ii) an adequate performance of the network along time.
Highlights
Environmental emissions play a key role in the release of pollutants on air, water and soil matrix, which is relevant because drives a decline of biodiversity [1]
Environmental emissions have a direct effect on the outdoor ambient pollution, as well as on indoor air quality, given that outdoor emission sources are responsible for the presence of air pollutants at indoor environments [11], due to the gases and particles infiltration
The binomial between environmental emissions and human exposure leads to Public Health concerns
Summary
While technological advances have generated an improvement in the human being’s life quality, they have contributed to the emergence of associated issues, such as exponential industrial grown and increase of transportation networks, due to a fast growing population and its centralization into urban centers, mainly. Environmental emissions have a direct effect on the outdoor ambient pollution, as well as on indoor air quality, given that outdoor emission sources are responsible for the presence of air pollutants at indoor environments [11], due to the gases and particles infiltration. Atmospheric pollution monitoring is of a fundamental importance in Public Health [12] in order to (i) control the human being exposure to air pollutants [13] and (ii) support the decision making on environmental management, in particular air quality management [14]. European Union develops Air Quality Directives [15] for setting air quality objectives in order to reduce potential harmful effects of air pollutants on human health and environment, establishing limit and target values for criteria of air pollutants.
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