Abstract
The paper proposes a methodological approach to improving the Russian import substitution policy, which considers innovative import substitution as an important aspect of new industrialization of the country. The study analyzes problems and contradictions present in the high-tech production sector. The sectoral approach to solving the import substitution problems in Russia has proved to be unpromising. Thus, Russian regions have to implement the import substitution model, aimed at the comprehensive transformation of the production ecosystem. The research revealed the directions of improving the mechanisms of import substitution to ensure the economic security in the long term. Favorable conditions for the development of innovative import substitution in Russian regions were analyzed and compared using the author’s methodology; a group of leading regions was determined. The article describes ways to reduce institutional barriers between science and production to implement innovative activities, considering the specificity of Russian regions.
Highlights
The paper proposes a methodological approach to improving the Russian import substitution policy, which considers innovative import substitution as an important aspect of new industrialization of the country
Due to the deindustrialization of Russian regions accompanied by an increasing technological backwardness of various industries, Russia relies heavily on foreign technology suppliers
Both aspects of import substitution are important for ensuring the economic security; the innovative aspect is a priority for countries lagging behind in technological development
Summary
The modern import substitution policy in the Russian Federation is essentially vertical [11]. Nowadays, it is being implemented through state strategies and programs for developing certain industries, where technological backwardness threatens the economic security. Considering technological backwardness of the country, international practice shows that the approach to solving import substitution problems of certain local industries is unproductive. At the beginning, such an approach applied in Latin American countries in the 1940s–1970s seemed to be efficient. The state implemented such import substitution policy in several industries, protected from competition with other manufacturers. It is unlikely that these technologies can be implemented in the civilian sector as well
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