Abstract

This study investigates whether the direction of U.S. implied volatility, VIX index, can be forecast. Multiple forecasts are generated based on standard econometric models, but, more importantly, on several machine learning techniques. Their statistical significance is assessed by a plethora of performance evaluation measures, while real-time investment strategies are devised to appraise the investment implications of the underlying modeling approaches. The main conclusion of the analysis is that the implementation of machine learning techniques in implied volatility forecasting can be more effective compared to mainstream econometric models and model selection techniques, as they are superior both in a statistical and an economic evaluation setting.

Highlights

  • This study investigates whether the direction of U.S implied volatility, volatility have significant reper- index (VIX) index, can be forecast

  • This study investigates whether the direction of U.S implied volatility, VIX index, can be forecast

  • The main conclusion of the analysis is that the implementation of machine learning techniques in implied volatility forecasting can be more effective compared to mainstream econometric models and model selection techniques, as they are superior both in a statistical and an economic evaluation setting

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Summary

Research methodology: model specifications and machine learning techniques

The modeling approaches and machine learning techniques used to forecast VIX index related directional patterns are outlined . Generalized linear models (GLM) can be used to model the dependence of the binary directional variable Yt, given a set of N (lagged) covariates or predictor variables, Xj,t−l, j = 1, . ), which is a linear function of the predictor variables, the autoregressive components, and the unknown parameters. Yt−p) denotes the augmented vector of predictors that contain the lagged predictor variables and the autoregressive components, h being the maximum number of lags used in the model, and θ = (β , φ ) the total parameter vector with β =. Maximum likelihood estimates of the Logit regression model parameters, θ, can be obtained by assuming that each.

Binary Logit regression models
Discriminant analysis
Classification and Regression Trees
Empirical design and analysis
Predictive performance evaluation based on statistical metrics
Method
Lagged Strategy 1
Economic performance evaluation based on real-time trading strategies
Findings
Conclusion
Full Text
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