Implications of Social Determinants of Health Characteristics on Fetal Growth Restriction Among Various Racial/Ethnic Groups.

Abstract

Current knowledge regarding the relationship between social determinants of health (SDOH) characteristics of hospitalized American pregnant women and fetal growth restriction (FGR) reveals a dearth in the literature. Therefore, we examined the impact of SDOH on FGR among hospitalized American women in this study. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset for the years 2016-2018, we conducted this cross-sectional study. We conducted survey logistic regression to examine the association between SDOH factors and FGR, after adjusting for various hospitalization characteristics. Non-Hispanic (NH)-Black people had the highest prevalence of SDOH issues (0.7%), followed by Hispanics who had a prevalence of 0.4%. We observed that pregnant women with SDOH issues were 1.16 times as likely to experience FGR as those without SDOH (95% CI 1.0-1.34). When compared to their respective racial counterparts without SDOH, Hispanics with SDOH had increased odds, NH-White and NH-others with SDOH had the same likelihood, and NH-Black women with SDOH had lower odds of FGR. Overall, our study illustrated an association between maternal SDOH issues and FGR, and the impact of SDOH issues on the outcome of FGR across various racial/ethnic groups. While our study provides useful insight into the topic, further research is needed to explain the observed varied influence of SDOH on FGR across racial/ethnic groups.