Abstract
BackgroundTumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies. In this account, besides the molecular genetics methods including cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and general cancer therapy procedures like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, photodynamic adjuvant therapy is of great importance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a relatively noninvasive therapeutic method utilizes the irradiation of an appropriate wavelength which is absorbed by a photosensitizing agent in the presence of oxygen.Main body of the abstractIn this procedure, a series of events lead to the direct death of malignant cells such as damage to the microvasculature and also the induction of a local inflammatory function. PDT has participated with other treatment modalities especially in the early stage of malignant tumors and has resulted in decreasing morbidity besides improving survival rate and quality of life. High spatial resolution of PDT has attracted considerable attention in the field of image-guided photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy of multidrug resistance cancers. Although PDT outcomes vary across the different tumor types, minimal natural tissue toxicity, minor systemic effects, significant reduction in long-term disease, lack of innate or acquired resistance mechanisms, and excellent cosmetic effects, as well as limb function, make it a valuable treatment option for combination therapies.Short conclusionIn this review article, we tried to discuss the potential of PDT in the treatment of some dermatologic and solid tumors, particularly all its important mechanisms.
Highlights
Tumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies
Despite insufficient access to photosensitizers with the ability to accumulate in brain tumors as well as light source with appropriate wavelength matched with absorption wavelength of PS, the use of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in eliminating the tumor residues and treatment of recurrence cases has been proposed [69]
The effectiveness of PDT in cutaneous malignancies as a promising treatment modality and in some cases such as lung cancer as an adjuvant and palliative method has been proven in lots of literatures
Summary
Tumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies. While the absorption wavelengths of most of photosensitizers are in the visible and ultraviolet regions, the amazing properties of some sensitizers and nanoparticles promise to use NIR light in the treatment of deep tumors. For the first time in Canada, the use of Photofrin with an absorption wavelength of 630 nm in the treatment of bladder tumors was an important event in photodynamic therapy.
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