Implications of Certain Biochemical Metabolites and Meta-analysis on the Fish Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822) with Isopod Parasite Norileca indica

Abstract

Liza parsia (Goldspot Mullet) is an important fishery resource in estuarine areas. This fish is in high demand among the local consumers due to its affordability in price and deliciousness. Unfortunately, this fish population is also highly affected by crustacean isopod parasites. One of the most important parasites is Nerolica indica which causes economic loss to fishermen. The mechanical damages to parasitized fish and secondary biochemical metabolites in the diseased fish will cause serious complications to consumers. The obligate isopod ectoparasites vary in size, and many of them continue their complete or partial life cycle in the host and affect the host's anatomy and physiology. The isopod parasites attach to the body surface, buccal cavity, and branchial cavity. These surface-attached parasites scratch the skin and feed on the blood; buccal cavity parasites often cut the tongue and replace it; the brachial cavity parasites harbour between the gills and make a serious effect on fish respiration. The affected fish loses its weight and body fluid continuously and eventually dies. The aim of this study was primarily to assess the biochemical variations between healthy and parasite-infested fish. A significant reduction in total proteins, glucose, and cholesterol levels were observed in the infected fish. The monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of parasitized fish were also significantly reduced when compared to non-parasitized fish. The objective of this study was to analyse these biochemical metabolite’s variations and critically assess the metabolites roles in the physiology and biochemistry of the infected fish.