Implications of a viscosity bound on black hole accretion

Abstract

Motivated by the viscosity bound in gauge/gravity duality, we consider the ratio of shear viscosity (η) to entropy density (s) in black hole accretion flows. We use both an ideal gas equation of state and the QCD equation of state obtained from lattice for the fluid accreting onto a Kerr black hole. The QCD equation of state is considered since the temperature of accreting matter is expected to approach 1012 K in certain hot flows. We find that in both the cases η/s is small only for primordial black holes and several orders of magnitude larger than any known fluid for stellar and supermassive black holes. We show that a lower bound on the mass of primordial black holes leads to a lower bound on η/s and vice versa. Finally we speculate that the Shakura–Sunyaev viscosity parameter should decrease with increasing density and/or temperatures.