Implications and relative importance of GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in the prevalence and severity of prostate cancer in an Eastern Indian Population

Abstract

Background: Several mutations including the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GSTP1 and deletional mutations of GSTM1 and GSTT1 isoforms of the glutathione S transferase gene are of significant importance in the etiology and severity of prostate cancer (Pca) with varying degrees of association in different population groups. We investigated the association of these mutations with the prevalence and severity of the Pca in an urban population of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: In the present case–control study, deletional mutations of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected by their presence or absence in the gel electrophoresis after the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The A to G SNP of the GSTP1 gene resulting in Ile105Val was detected using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism after PCR. Severity of Pca was assessed by International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading. Polymorphic variations obtained were correlated to the prevalence and severity of Pca. Results: The Chi-square tests showed a significantly greater prevalence of all three mutations in the case group. However, the post hoc ANOVA and multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that only the A to G SNP of the GSP1 gene among the three mutations showed significant association with the severity of the Pca as indicated by the ISUP gradings. Conclusion: The results indicated that although the A to G transitional SNP of the GSTP1 and the deletional SNPs of GSTM1 and GSTT1 acted all as important factors for increasing the prevalence of Pca, the A to G SNP of the GSTP1 gene resulting in Ile105Val only contributed to the severity and spread of the disease in our study population.