Abstract
To examine the REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) program as an alternative to an oil palm plantation in West Kutai district of East Kalimantan, we determined the profitability of land use and REDD+, and the land use preferences and practices of the local people, as well as their participation in and preferences for forestry programs. Our findings indicate the following: 1) the profitability of an oil palm plantation was higher than that from other land uses and the REDD+ program; 2) the local preferences for land uses were mostly consistent with the profitability of the land uses, except for oil palm plantation due to non-financial concerns; 3) the local people combined each land use in accordance with their various needs; and 4) the local people were interested in a Forest and Land Rehabilitation (RHL) program in nonforestry zones. Considering these evidences, an improved RHL program based on an intensive agroforestry system and a conservation-based REDD+ program based on existing customary conservation forest management by the local people are proposed. Given the high opportunity cost and the low preference for an oil palm plantation, designing the REDD+ program by paying attention to the non-financial benefits for a community is a way forward. To enhance the non-financial benefits, it is important to take into consideration local preferences and livelihood activities in designing the REDD+ program. This study also implies the need for a reconsideration of the position of participation of local people in the safeguards of REDD+.
Highlights
Developing countries are trying to introduce the REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) program, which is an incentive mechanism that provides carbon credit for activities designed to prevent deforestation and forest degradation
The purpose of this paper is to examine the REDD+ program as a vehicle that can ensure “triple-benefit” and synergies with rural livelihood activities and the perceptions of local people based on evidence from East Kalimantan, Indonesia which has the most developed REDD legislation of the initial nine United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries member countries (Mather, 2010)
This paper aimed to contribute to designing REDD+ program that can ensure the “triple-benefits” and synergies with rural livelihood activities and perceptions of local people in areas that are frontier of oil palm plantation development
Summary
Developing countries are trying to introduce the REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) program, which is an incentive mechanism that provides carbon credit for activities designed to prevent deforestation and forest degradation. The introduction of the REDD+ program creates incentives for recentralisation because of the rising forest values resulting from the carbon trading (Phelps, Webb, & Agrawal, 2010; Sandbrook, Nelson, Adams, & Agrawal, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to examine the REDD+ program as a vehicle that can ensure “triple-benefit” and synergies with rural livelihood activities and the perceptions of local people based on evidence from East Kalimantan, Indonesia which has the most developed REDD legislation of the initial nine United Nations Collaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries member countries (Mather, 2010)
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