Abstract
Objective:A survey was conducted to analyse the governance and policy environment for human resources for health (HRH) development in 57 priority countries, with the objective of understanding the linkages between policy and context factors.Methods:Responses to a questionnaire tracking proxy indicators were received from 51 (89%) countries. Findings are presented by frequency; correlations were investigated through cross tabulations and multiple regression analysis.Results:The results indicate uneven performance among countries and across different domains of health workforce development. The only indicator showing a significant correlation with other areas of performance was implementing an HRH plan. No significant correlation with contextual factors was found.Discussion:Progress in addressing HRH challenges appears to be independent of contextual factors, suggesting that countries can improve their performance through concerted action by stakeholders. Having and implementing an HRH plan appears to be a key factor in galvanising that action.
Highlights
Progress in addressing human resources for health (HRH) challenges appears to be independent of contextual factors, suggesting that countries can improve their performance through concerted action by stakeholders
Having and implementing an HRH plan appears to be a key factor in galvanising that action
The findings were presented through a KD/ Agenda for Global Action (AGA) progress report [8] at the Second Global Forum on Human Resources for Health, held in Bangkok, Thailand, which was attended by delegates from each of the responding countries, and provided a venue for the validation of responses to the questionnaire
Summary
In Africa, low-income countries with critical shortages in health workforce are Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Lower-middle income countries, instead, include Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Lesotho, Morocco, Nigeria, and Senegal. In Asia, six low-income countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Nepal) and six lower-middle income countries (Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen) are experiencing severe shortages of health workers. In Central America, Haiti, a low-income country, alongside El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, three lower-middleincome countries, are lacking sufficient numbers of health professionals
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