Abstract
Food forests are multistrata ecosystems that provide healthy food, livelihood opportunities, as well as social-cultural and environmental services. With these features, food forests address several problems industrial food systems cause. While the overall number of food forests is continuously increasing worldwide, the rate of uptake is still low. This study reconstructs in detail how different types of food forests (n=7) were realized, mostly in Europe, with a focus on organization and management. Findings confirm and add to previous studies indicating that the successful implementation of food forests depends on long-term land access, sufficient start-up funds, and adequate farming and entrepreneurial know-how, among other factors. While these are not unique factors compared to other farm and food businesses, sustainable food forests face particular obstacles to secure them. This study offers guidance to food entrepreneurs, public officials, and activists on how to successfully implement food forests to realize their full sustainability potential.
Highlights
The conventional globalized food system causes negative externalities worldwide (Garnett, 2011; Rockström et al, 2020; Tilman & Clark, 2014)
We focus here on food forests as business or nonprofit endeavors that go beyond self-sufficiency
The reconstructed seven food forest implementaallowed for leveraging agricultural expertise (e.g., tion paths, Bosch presented in the previous section) indicate contacting food forest experts, mobilizing volunspecific success factors and barriers related to teers, accessing meeting and event spaces, and organization and management for each food forest obtaining resources for planning, monitoring, and (Table 3)
Summary
The conventional globalized food system causes negative externalities worldwide (Garnett, 2011; Rockström et al, 2020; Tilman & Clark, 2014). The reconstructed seven food forest implementaallowed for leveraging agricultural expertise (e.g., tion paths (similar to the example of Den Food for developing the site plan and the planting), Bosch presented in the previous section) indicate contacting food forest experts, mobilizing volunspecific success factors and barriers related to teers, accessing meeting and event spaces, and organization and management for each food forest obtaining resources for planning, monitoring, and (Table 3). From this base, we derive a set of general sucgreat deal of time and hard work to the project, cess factors and barriers, differentiated into behavwithout adequate compensation.
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