Abstract
BackgroundIn low and middle-income countries (LMICs), laypersons play a significant role in providing initial care to injured victims of traffic accidents. Post-crash first aid (PFA) training programmes for laypersons have become an important response to addressing knowledge and skills gaps in pre-hospital care. However, little is known about factors influencing effective implementation of such programmes from stakeholders’ point of view. Therefore, this study aimed to explore views of stakeholders on potential factors that may facilitate or hinder successful implementation of a PFA training programme for lay persons.MethodsTwelve semi-structured qualitative interviews with leaders at a traffic police department and leaders of an association of city bus drivers, taxi drivers and motorcycle taxis in Tanzania were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis approach was used to identify themes and sub-themes.ResultsThree themes pertaining to implementation of a PFA training programme were identified: Motivation for engaging in training, Constrains for engaging in training and Training processes. They consisted of a total of six sub-themes: “perceived benefits of first aid training” and “availability of incentives” were considered as facilitators to PFA training. “Availability of time to attend training” and “accessibility of training” were reported as a potential barriers to successful training. Finally, they felt that “methods of training delivery” and “availability of first aid training materials and equipment” could either facilitate or impede delivery of PFA training.ConclusionThis study highlights potential facilitators and barriers to implementing a PFA training programme for lay persons from the perspectives of leaders from police department and associations of city bus drivers, taxi drivers, and motorcycle taxis. This may be useful information for other stakeholders, and may enable government-level leaders and persons higher up in the health service hierarchy to take action to meet WHO recommendations for emergency pre-hospital care.
Highlights
In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), laypersons play a significant role in providing initial care to injured victims of traffic accidents
Three themes pertaining to the implementation of Post-crash first aid (PFA) training programme, from the stakeholders’ perspective, were identified: Motivation for engaging in training, Constrains for engaging in training and Training processes
More frequent training was considered as an important facilitator to programme implementation and sustainability because it would mean that the knowledge and skills gained would be maintained over time, as well as updated: “It’s important that this training is repetitive so that things stick in our heads ... it’s, like, today you forget tomorrow you’re reminded.” (Participant 8)
Summary
In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), laypersons play a significant role in providing initial care to injured victims of traffic accidents. About half of all deaths of injured victims of road crashes occur in a pre-hospital environment [1] This is a significant problem, many low and middle-income countries (LMICs) either lack or have inadequate emergency pre-hospital care systems. In these contexts, laypersons play a significant role in providing initial assistance to injured victims of traffic accidents. Lack of skilled human resources for emergency pre-hospital care, among other things, contributes to poor post-crash care management of road traffic-injured victims [3]. The majority of people with road traffic injuries (RTIs) in LMICs are taken to emergency care facilities by medically untrained laypersons such as police officers, drivers, relatives, and bystanders [4]
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