Implementing 3GPP Code Division for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 5G

Abstract

Device-to-device communications are currently very important in the field of communication. The reason for this is that it maximizes the efficiency with which network resources are used. Using his setup, devices can talk to one another without going via any intermediary nodes. D2D can also help alleviate the issue of insufficient network coverage, cutting down on expenses and power consumption. The expansion of the network is the key to achieving this goal. This article's goal is to compare and contrast the many solutions proposed for one of the three major challenges in D2D communication: the resource allocation problem D2D detection, connection mode selection and resource allocation). The eNodeB in the network's center facilitates a controlled mode of operation, although an autonomous mode is also available. Both methods are completely hands-free. Within the context of 3GPP standardization, the technology of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access is investigated. The proliferation of IoT and the potential for massive subscriber device connection to new wireless networks, many times bigger than the scale of connection in existing networks, necessitate the introduction of new technologies for non-orthogonal multiple access (connection of billions of new devices). NOMA's future growth will mostly occur in two different ways: one is with power division and the other is with code division. Developer firms' focus during 3GPP standardization was on the second direction; nonetheless, some issues have been detected with the application of NOMA in 5G and 6G systems, necessitating further study. Data traffic in 6G networks is expected to be hundreds of times higher than in 5G networks, necessitating the introduction of innovative multiple access technologies to meet stringent demands for energy efficiency and communication availability. This article provides a high-level introduction to 3GPP-recommended non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) utilizing code division methods. Numerous NOMA schemes have been proposed by various companies for 5G and 6G networks. In this short example, the range and primary benefits of NOMA technology are highlighted. Popular types of NOMA code division are discussed, along with their characteristics, future potential and existing issues.