Implementation of the hierarchical medical system: an analysis based on the Smith policy implementation process model

Abstract

Objective To analyze the problems existing in the implementation of the hierarchical medical system in China under the new situation. Methods The Smith policy implementation process model was used as an analytic framework.By means of literature analysis, stakeholder analysis and PEST analysis, the analysis was conducted in terms of such elements as the Smith policy implementation process model, namely, the idealized policy, the implementing organization, the target group and the environmental factors, as well as its mechanism of action. Results The literature review found that the main obstacle that hindered the smooth implementation of the hierarchical medical system was the lagging of relevant supporting measures, which accounted for 16.6%(161)of the problems.In addition, defects in policy design(the lack of division and cooperation mechanism etc.)and constraints in existing institutional mechanism(separation of revenue and expenditure, unclear orientation, etc.)were suggested to accelerate the introduction of supporting policies, respectively accounting for 6.0%(58)and 9.3%(90)of the results. Conclusions In the process of policy implementation, the relationship between the four elements of the ideal policy outcomes, the implementing organization, the target group and the environmental factors needs to be coordinated to ensure the effective implementation of the hierarchical medical system. Key words: Health services administration; Hierarchical medical system; Smith policy implementation process model; Implementation; Stakeholders