Abstract
The drive of this study is to postulate empirical evidence about the evaluation of the enactment of regional autonomy in Indonesia after the enactment of Act Number 22 Year 1999 concerning Regional Government. Exclusively, this analysis aims to evaluate the wellbeing of the community, public services and regional competitiveness in the new autonomous regions. This research was conducted in 71 new autonomous regions in the Sumatra region after the depiction of Act Number 22 of 1999 concerning Regional Government during the 2000-2018 period. This type of research uses quantitative research. While the research method used is descriptive method, which is a research method that describes the population under study and consists of variables. The results of the study found that (1) the success rate of implementing regional autonomy for 20 years in the Sumatra region from the welfare aspect was 64.78%, meaning that the implementation of regional autonomy in the Sumatra region so far (64.78%) "has succeeded in increasing the HDI" according to the mandate of the law; (2) the level of success in implementing regional autonomy for 20 years in the Sumatra region from the aspect of regional competitiveness is 18.30%. The conclusion is that the implementation of regional autonomy in the Sumatra region has not been sufficiently successful in increasing regional competitiveness in terms of GRDP; (3) Riau Province is a region that has been very successful in implementing regional autonomy both in terms of welfare and regional competitiveness.
Highlights
Regional self-sufficiency is the right, authority and responsibility of the sovereign region to adjust and administer government matters and the interests of the local society in agreement with statutory principles (Act of Concerning Regional Government, 2014)
If we look at the number of new regions that have succeeded in obtaining Human Development Index (HDI) with the criteria of "upper middle", it can be said that 64.78% of the enactment of regional autonomy in the Sumatra region so far "has succeeded in increasing the HDI" according to the mandate of the law
If we look at the number of new regions that have succeeded in increasing the value of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) above 10 trillion during the implementation of regional autonomy, it can be said that there is only 18.30% success rate in implementing regional autonomy in the Sumatra region for almost 20 years
Summary
Regional self-sufficiency is the right, authority and responsibility of the sovereign region to adjust and administer government matters and the interests of the local society in agreement with statutory principles (Act of Concerning Regional Government, 2014). The provision of regional autonomy by the central government is intended to improve community welfare, public services and regional competitiveness (Act of Concerning Regional Government, 2004). (Khusaini, 2006) Argues that the provision of regional autonomy is projected to deliver flexibility for regions to carry out regional development in order to improve community welfare. The welfare of the community is very significant to be realized by the local authority because it is one of the important goals of the formation of local authority as well as a mandate of the law (Act of Concerning Regional Government, 2014). The results of research conducted by the National Development Planning Agency (2008) in several new autonomous regions such as Serdang Bedagai Regency (North Sumatra), Sekadau Regency (West Kalimantan), Tomohon City (South Sulawesi), West Sumatra Regency, and Tasikmalaya City
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