Implementation of Synchrophasor-Based Linear State Estimator for Real-Time Operations

Abstract

The power industry has been pushing forward the adoption of synchrophasor technology for wide-area monitoring and situational awareness. Many applications have been developed to take advantage of the GPS time-stamped synchrophasor data. Linear state estimator (LSE) is one of the recent developments in the synchrophasor industry that has been gradually accepted and adopted by several US utilities under pilot projects. This chapter first introduces the theory of LSE using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data and then demonstrates the implementation of LSE toward a production-grade application for real-time operation at control center. The other major highlight of this chapter is to demonstrate the benefits and use cases of the LSE application based on firsthand implementation and successful deployment experience at utilities. The LSE can (1) validate and condition PMU data, (2) provide an independent non-iterative state estimator to complement the State Estimator (SE) in Energy Management System (EMS) for situational awareness, data analytics, and grid resiliency, and (3) expand synchrophasor measurement observability for downstream synchrophasor applications. Several use cases are demonstrated in real time by pilot projects deployed at Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Duke Energy, and Southern California Edison (SCE). LSE application’s use cases and business values are presented to illustrate its successful deployment and operational experience in wide-area monitoring and situational awareness system.