Implementation of Small-Scale Biogas Plant in a Dairy Cattle Farm

Abstract

A biogas plant is an anaerobic digester that produces biogas from organic materials such as animal waste,sewage slurry, vegetable waste and others waste materials. Sahiwal Cattle Farm, College of veterinaryScience, AAU, Khanapara has developed a small-scale biogas plant in farm complex. The objectives of thisplant is to promote green technology and zero waste concepts on animal farming and to mitigate adverseeffects on the environment due to unsystematic management of animal waste disposal. The biogas producedis used as fuel for biogas stove, biogas water heater. Furthermore, the residual solid waste produced at theend of the process has been used as organic fertilizer in the fodder plot of the sahiwal farm complex.Although the hydro-carbons which are derived from direct chemical processes, bio-gas is produced througha bio-chemical process in which some bacteria convert the biological wastes into useful bio-gas comprisingmethane through chemical interaction. Such methane gas is renewable through continuous feeding ofbiological wastes and which are available in plenty in rural areas in the country. Since the useful gasoriginates from biological process, it has been termed as bio-gas in which methane gas is the main constituent.The gas which is produced by the above process in a bio-gas plant does not contain pure methane and hasseveral impurities containing methane, carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon monoxide, Oxygenand Hydrogen sulphide.