Abstract
This study aimed to identify the types of reinforcement skills and investigate the implementation of reinforcement skills used during the online learning process at SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. This study used a qualitative descriptive method as the research design. This study also used an English teacher as the research subject. In collecting data, this study used three methods, namely; observation, interviews, and questionnaires. This research was conducted online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the data obtained, this study found the results of the type of reinforcement and the implementation used by teachers during online learning. There are four types of reinforcement used by the teachers, such as; (1) positive verbal reinforcement in the form of praise and partial reinforcement, (2) positive non-verbal reinforcement in the form of gestures, (3) negative verbal reinforcement in the form of enforceable statements, questions, calling out the students' names, and (4) negative non-verbal reinforcement in the form of facial expressions and record the students' misbehavior. In addition, the reinforcement implementation were in line with theories suggested by experts by following the five principles in giving reinforcement.
Highlights
In the world of education, teachers have a very important role in motivating the students’ learning process
One way that teachers use to motivate students is by implementing reinforcement skills for students every time they teach in class
In 2019, Indonesia experienced an education crisis caused by The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)
Summary
In the world of education, teachers have a very important role in motivating the students’ learning process. Teacher professionalism strongly supports the learning process in the classroom. One way that teachers use to motivate students is by implementing reinforcement skills for students every time they teach in class. To motivate students, the teacher will provide reinforcement in the form of praise and reward. In 2019, Indonesia experienced an education crisis caused by The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Purwanto et al (2020) state that the COVID-19 pandemic is the foremost health crisis in the world. Many countries have decided to close schools and universities
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