Implementation of Internet of Things for Egg Incubation Control System

Abstract

An egg incubator is a technology in the livestock industry used for automated and efficient egg hatching. However, in its development, existing egg incubators only utilize incandescent lamps without any notification system to indicate when the chicken eggs have hatched, and there is no temperature or humidity detection in the incubator. As a result, the incubator’s situation during the egg hatching process remains uncontrolled. Therefore, this research, we designed and constructed an egg incubator machine that utilizes a microcontroller as the main control unit, responsible for regulating temperature, humidity, and egg rotation. Through the implementation of the Internet of Things, this egg incubator is connected to the internet as a communication tool using specialized software, allowing farmers to remotely monitor the device. Users receive information about the incubator machine through the Telegram mobile application, such as the current temperature and humidity inside the incubation room, up to the hatching status of the eggs. Based on the test results conducted, it can be concluded that the hardware has been successfully developed using the Microcontroller. In the temperature sensor test, there was an average error of 3.14% in temperature readings and error 5.91% in humidity readings. Overall, the device has functioned well and as intended, which includes temperature and humidity readings, controlling the timing of the lamp, and shifting the egg tray. The performance test of the device successfully hatched eggs on time (for 21 days) with a success rate of 90%.