Implementation of Information Gain Ratio and Particle Swarm Optimization in the Sentiment Analysis Classification of Covid-19 Vaccine Using Support Vector Machine

Abstract

In the current digital era, sentiment analysis has become an effective method for identifying and interpreting public opinions on various topics, including public health issues such as COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccination is a crucial measure in tackling this pandemic, but there are still a number of people who are skeptical and reluctant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. This public perception is largely influenced by, including information received from social media and online platforms. Therefore, sentiment analysis of the COVID-19 vaccine is one way to understand the public's perception of the COVID-19 vaccine. This research has the purpose to enhance the classification performance in sentiment analysis of COVID-19 vaccines by implementing Information Gain Ratio (IGR) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) on the Support Vector Machine (SVM). With a dataset of 2000 entries consisting of 1000 positive labels and 1000 negative labels, validation was performed through a combination of data splitting with an 80:20 ratio and stratified 10-Fold cross-validation. Applying the basic SVM, an accuracy of 0.794 and an AUC value of 0.890 were obtained. Integration with Information Gain Ratio (IGR) feature selection improved the accuracy to 0.814 and an AUC of 0.907. Furthermore, through the combination of SVM based on PSO and IGR, the accuracy significantly improved to 0.837 with an AUC of 0.913. These results demonstrate that the combination of feature selection techniques and parameter optimization can enhance the performance of sentiment classification towards COVID-19 vaccines. The conclusions drawn from this research indicate that the integration of IGR and PSO positively contributes to the effectiveness and predictive capability of the SVM model in sentiment classification tasks.