Abstract
Being a Positive sense RNA virus the recent reemergence of Chikungunya and Mayaro virus has taken the concern of the leading scientific communities of the world. Though the outbreak of Mayaro virus is limited to Neotropical region only, Chikungunya is already identified in over 60 countries around the world. Besides, the lack of a strong protective treatment, misdiagnosis issue and co-circulation of both the viruses calls for a new strategy which could potentially prevent these infections from spreading. In this study, we therefore, identified the peptide based vaccine candidates e.g. epitopes for B cell and T cell from Chikungunya virus which also showed to be homologous to the Mayaro virus through immuno-informatics and computational approaches. Final epitopes identified from the most antigenic structural polyprotein of both the viruses were 5 for CD8+ T cell Epitopes (209KPGDSGRPI217, 219TGTMGHFIL227, 239ALSVVTWNK247, 98KPGRRERMC106 and 100GRRERMCMK108), 2 epitopes for CD4+ T cell (105MCMKIENDCIFEVKH119 and 502DRTLLSQQSGNVKIT516) and a single epitope for B cell (504GGRFTIPTGAGKPGDSGRPI518). Analysis of our predicted epitopes for population coverage showed prominent population coverage (92.43%) around the world. Finally, molecular docking simulation of the foreseen T cell epitopes with respondent HLA alleles secured good HLA-epitope interaction. This study was directed towards the discovery of potential antigenic epitopes which can open up a new skyline to design novel vaccines for combating both of the diseases at the same time.
Highlights
After the first identification in Tanzania and Trinidad during the mid1950s, the recent outbreak of Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) has again taken the concern of the health authorities around the world [1]
The MAYV infection was regarded as an acute, self-limited dengue like illness, recent outbreaks in 2010 in Venezuela and 2014–16 in Brazil and has led the scientific community to mark it as a global threat [9, 10]
The antigenicity values of all 4 reviewed proteins were computed by auto cross covariance (ACC) conversion at Vaxijen webserver
Summary
After the first identification in Tanzania and Trinidad during the mid1950s, the recent outbreak of Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) has again taken the concern of the health authorities around the world [1] These viruses are mainly circulated by two of the species of mosquito- Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (commonly known as Yellow Fever Mosquito and Asian Tiger Mosquito respectively), while recent study shows that, MAYV can be transmitted by Anopheles mosquito as well [2, 3, 4]. A recent case in Haiti reported co-infection of the virus with dengue makes it much more concerning issue for the leading scientific community [11]
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