Abstract
Positive operator valued measurements (POVMs) play an important role in efficient quantum communication and computation. While optical systems are one of the strongest candidates for long distance quantum communication and information processing, efficient methods to implement POVMs in these systems are scarce. Here we propose an all-optical scheme to implement an arbitrary POVM using linear optical components on m-dimensional Hilbert space of internal degrees of freedom. Linear optical nature of the proposed scheme makes it efficient and robust. We show how the scheme can be applied for state tomography and for preparing arbitrary mixed states.
Highlights
Projective measurements play an important role in information theoretic applications of quantum theory
In this paper we propose an efficient, scalable, and an all-optical scheme to implement an arbitrary Positive operator valued measurements (POVMs) on optical systems using unitary operations and projective measurements
We describe the scheme to implement an arbitrary POVM on optical systems based on the second level of description of quantum measurements in which the measurement operators are specified
Summary
Projective measurements play an important role in information theoretic applications of quantum theory. They are not the most general type of measurements or even the optimal ones in most cases [1,2]. In quantum optics, the homodyne and heterodyne measurements [3,4] routinely implemented in the laboratory cannot be modeled as projective measurements. POVMs and their applications have been theoretically studied [10,11,12,13,14]; their experimental implemention on optical systems still remains a challenge. In this paper we propose a scheme to implement an arbitrary POVM on optical systems. We start with discussing the optical systems considered in this paper.
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