Abstract
The development of applied geodetic techniques for mapping and documentation of historical structures, buildings and sites is an important and vital purpose for contribution of any recording of cultural heritage for any country such as Egypt. This is done to preserve and restore any valuable architectural or other cultural monument, as a support to architectural, archaeological and other art-historical research throughout the ages. The purpose of this paper is to use close range photogrammetry technique (CRP) to reconstruct 3D model of architectural and historical mosque facade and comparing the accuracy of using digital commercial non-metric cameras with different resolutions and metric camera with flatbed scanner and photogrammetric scanner for architectural building documentation. El-Nasr Mosque façade in Mansoura city, Egypt was chosen as a case study in this paper. At first, twenty five points were selected at mosque façade at different elevations and distributed at different façade surfaces and observed using total station. Some of these points were selected as control points and the others were selected as check points to validate the results. Effect of control point’s number on image processing and analysis is also studied. Three cameras positions were selected for imaging to get the full details of mosque façade. Close range Digital Workstation (CDW) program was used for processing and analysis of multiple images. The results are indicated that close range photogrammetry using metric camera with photogrammetry scanner instead of flatbed scanner in technique is accurate enough to be beneficial in 3D architectural building documentation. Digital cameras with CRP technique give up different accuracy that depends mainly on the resolution of cameras and camera specifications.
Highlights
Egypt is the richest country all over the world in terms of archeological sites where there are nearly third of the world’s historical sites and buildings in Egypt
The main aim of this paper is to study and compare the availability of using different digital commercial non-metric cameras and metric camera observations for architectural building documentation and find the least expensive and available technique with high accuracy for forming three dimensions accurate drawing of historical building in Mansoura city, Egypt
The objective of the current paper is to study, compare and asses the use of close range photogrammetry (CRP) technique and commercial digital cameras to reconstruct views for historical building
Summary
Egypt is the richest country all over the world in terms of archeological sites where there are nearly third of the world’s historical sites and buildings in Egypt. Preserving these historical places in good conditions is a national goal since they attract millions of tourists which make a significant contribution to the Egyptian economy (Elsharkawy, 2017). The advantage of using digital photogrammetry is its capability of deriving all appropriate measurements from the images itself instead of measurements directly on the objects (Luhmann, 2010) This technology provides substantial reductions in the cost of archaeological surveys and in enhancing survey results. The use of low cost digital photogrammetric systems has contributed to the use of these “off the shelf ” cameras among photogrammetrist and non photogrammetrist (Cardenal et al, 2004)
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