Implementation of alternative energy technologies in Nepal: towards the achievement of sustainable livelihoods

Abstract

Alternative energy technologies (AETs) (such as biogas plants, micro-hydro plants, solar photovoltaic systems and improved cooking stoves) have been deployed in Nepal with a view to provide efficient energy services. The AETs, which are friendly to the environment, have a potential to increase social and economic opportunities at the local level and help in improving people's livelihood. They are especially helpful to women in terms of reducing their drudgery. The AETs can be a means of developing a sustainable rural energy system and thereby achieving sustainable livelihoods. However, the government planning and policies need to be more conducive to rural energy planning for effective implementation of AETs. This paper aims to analyze the impact of AETs on people's livelihoods and highlights the policy implications for achieving sustainable development.