Abstract
As 5G New Radio (NR) is being rolled out, research effort is being focused on the evolution of what is to come in the post-5G era. In order to meet the diverse requirements of future wireless communication in terms of increased capacity and reduced latency, technologies such as distributed massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), sub-millimeter wave and Tera-hertz spectrum become technology components of interest. Furthermore, to meet the demands on connectivity anywhere at anytime, non-terrestrial satellite networks will be needed, which brings about challenges both in terms of implementation as well as deployment. Finally, scaling up massive Internet-of-Things (IoT), energy harvesting and Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) is foreseen to become important enablers when deploying a large amount of small, low-power radios. In this paper, we will discuss some of the important opportunities these technologies bring, and the challenges faced by the microwave and wireless communication communities.
Highlights
The evolution of modern digital communication systems continuously brings new practical implementation challenges as the need for increased capacity and lower latency grows
A prime example is the introduction of 5G New Radio (NR), which brought both new multi-antenna techniques such as massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), [1], along with a flexible air-interface based on Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (OFDM) using multiple numerologies over a large channel bandwidth, and higher carrier frequencies, [2]
Example we further assume that the antenna pre-coding and combination weights are calculated in the distributed Antenna Processing Unit (APU) in a digital signal processing (DSP) device. This has the benefit of not requiring a large amount of channel state information (CSI) and antenna weights to be communicated over the front-haul but it does add complexity and power consumption to the APU
Summary
The evolution of modern digital communication systems continuously brings new practical implementation challenges as the need for increased capacity and lower latency grows. In the area of sub-millimeter wave technology, challenges in terms of transceiver implementation is presented as limits in device physics impacts the transceiver performance. Radio Frequency (RF) Energy Harvesting (EH) presents an opportunity for these small devices to charge without physical connections. This presents a diverse set of challenges in terms of implementation, [5]. III outlines some important aspects related to sub-millimeter wave semiconductor and hardware design.
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