Abstract

In this article, the development of high-order semi-implicit interpolation schemes for convection terms on unstructured grids is presented. It is based on weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) reconstructions which can be applied to the evaluation of any field in finite volumes using its known cell-averaged values. Here, the algorithm handles convex cells in arbitrary three-dimensional meshes. The implementation is parallelized using the Message Passing Interface. All schemes are embedded in the code structure of OpenFOAM® resulting in the access to a huge open-source community and the applicability to high-level programming. Several verification cases and applications of the scalar advection equation and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations show the improved accuracy of the WENO approach due to a mapping of the stencil to a reference space without scaling effects. An efficiency analysis indicates an increased computational effort of high-order schemes in comparison to available high-resolution methods. However, the reconstruction time can be efficiently decreased when more processors are used.

Highlights

  • In recent years, open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes experienced an increased influence on ongoing science and on the industry

  • As proposed by Toro [29], we extend Godunov’s first-order version, which is based on cell centre values of Φ±, by higher-order terms of the reconstruction; the so-called WENOUpwindFit arises as a high-order non-oscillatory upwind scheme

  • If the non-oscillatory behaviour of the scheme is in the first place and the theoretical order of accuracy is less important, a more efficient gradient scheme can be derived by replacing the gradient of Φ by its polynomial representation and evaluating the volume integral with second order of accuracy

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Summary

Introduction

Open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes experienced an increased influence on ongoing science and on the industry. Non-linear schemes were developed such as TVD schemes which are based on limiters derived from corresponding conditions of Sweby [6] Their main drawbacks are the degeneration to first-order accuracy near extrema regardless of a smooth peak or discontinuity and at most second-order accuracy. The possibility to build a semi-implicit finite volume WENO convection scheme arises by including the reconstruction in OpenFOAM® due to existing code structures for such an implementation. It results in a more stable reconstruction for larger time steps and an utilization of high-order convection schemes in common semi-implicit solution algorithms such as SIMPLE or PISO (Pressure-Implicit with Splitting of Operators).

Numerical Approach of WENO Reconstruction Methods
Stencil Collection Algorithm
Parallelisation
Derivation of Semi-Implicit WENO-based Convection Schemes
Derivation of a WENO Gradient Scheme
Preprocessing
Runtime
Accuracy of Reconstruction for Smooth Functions
Numerical Convergence Study of the Advection Equation
Applications
Application to the Gradient Calculation
Application to the Advection Equation
Three-Dimensional Breaking of a Dam
Performance Comparison
Conclusions
Findings
Methods

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