Abstract
This paper proposes an energy management strategy for a residential electrothermal microgrid, based on renewable energy sources. While grid connected, it makes use of a hybrid electrothermal storage system, formed by a battery and a hot water tank along with an electrical water heater as a controllable load, which make possible the energy management within the microgrid. The microgrid emulates the operation of a single family home with domestic hot water (DHW) consumption, a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system as well as the typical electric loads. An energy management strategy has been designed which optimizes the power exchanged with the grid profile in terms of peaks and fluctuations, in applications with high penetration levels of renewables. The proposed energy management strategy has been evaluated and validated experimentally in a full scale residential microgrid built in our Renewable Energy Laboratory, by means of continuous operation under real conditions. The results show that the combination of electric and thermal storage systems with controllable loads is a promising technology that could maximize the penetration level of renewable energies in the electric system.
Highlights
Renewable energies bring numerous advantages to the energy matrix
We propose an energy management strategy based on that explained in [19,20] for an electro-thermal microgrid based on renewable generation, hybrid electro-thermal storage system and a controllable water heater whose consumption can be deferred thanks to an attached hot water tank that acts as an energy buffer
Power delivered by the grid; Power delivered by the battery; Power consumed by the electric water heater; Difference between the power consumed and the power generated; Power consumed by the passive loads; Power delivered by the PV array and the small wind turbine; Power delivered by the PV array; Power delivered by the small wind turbine
Summary
Renewable energies bring numerous advantages to the energy matrix. They are inexhaustible at a human scale, non-polluting, provide energy independence and make possible distributed generation (DG), reducing transmission losses and increasing system overall efficiency [1,2]. The designed energy management is in charge of determining at every moment the power reference for the water heater and the battery, depending on the SOC, the water tank temperature, and the energetic state of the microgrid, with the objective of peak shaving and smoothing the power profile exchanged with the grid. One of the key differences when compared to [19,20] is that by considering seasonal fluctuations in both generation and consumption power profiles, the energy management strategy can maintain the SOC around 50% during the whole year, but allowing for daily variations ranging the 100% of the SOC In this way, the battery use is maximized, allowing for the maximum attenuation of the power profile exchanged with the grid.
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