Implants in GBR-Augmented Sites in Patients Treated for Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis: A 10- to 20-Year Prospective Case Series.

Abstract

The aim of this case series was to evaluate implants inserted in bone after guided bone regeneration (GBR). Fourteen patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) who had lost one or two maxillary teeth in the incisor or premolar region were enrolled in the study. Due to bone resorption, the lateral width and vertical height of the bone were insufficient for implant placement. GBR was carried out in a staged approach using titanium-reinforced e-PTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membranes. No bone grafts or bone substitute materials were used. After 6 to 8 months, turned-surface implants (n = 47) were inserted in augmented and nonaugmented bone sites and prosthetically treated with single crowns. All patients were examined during a 3- to 6-month recall schedule over a 10- to 20-year period, and clinical and radiographic examinations were performed. GBR yielded mean vertical and lateral bone gains of 4.5 and 7.0 mm, respectively. The implant survival rate was 100%, mucositis was present in 28.8% of sites, and peri-implantitis was not found. The annual bone loss at tooth sites was significantly higher than at implant sites in augmented bone (0.5% vs 0.2%, respectively; P = .000), and the adjacent teeth had significantly higher annual bone loss (0.8%; P = .000). Thus, severely periodontally compromised patients can be managed successfully in the long-term with the described clinical protocol.