Implant-supported fixed full-arch prostheses on oral health-related quality of life and denture satisfaction

Abstract

Objective: To assess the longitudinal changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the denture satisfaction of immediate rehabilitation by implant-supported full-arch prostheses in patients of the edentulous and potential edentulous jaws. Methods: Patients in the Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from April 2008 to November 2020 were enrolled in the study. The treatment group (TG) consisted of 73 patients who had been treated with immediate rehabilitation by using implant-supported full-arch prostheses while the control group (CG) consisted of 31 patients who would be treated with immediate rehabilitation of implant-supported full-arch prostheses. The mean age of the patients in the treatment group was (57.5±11.1) years (ranged 31-79) and the average follow-up duration was 5.5±2.9 years (ranged 1-12). The OHRQL ratings were collected using oral health impact profile-20 (OHIP-20) and the visual analogue scales (VAS) was used to assess the denture satisfaction including stability, aesthetics, mastication, ease of cleaning, speaking and general satisfaction. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing were applied for data analysis. Results: The cumulative survival rate (CSR) of the implants was 97.6% (450/461). The CSR of the prostheses was 93.3% (98/105). The average peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) was (0.8±0.4) mm and (1.2±0.6) mm after 1 and 5 years, respectively. The mean OHIP-20 total scores of TG and CG were 5(7) and 32.9±12.6, respectively, which had statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.001). The general satisfaction in the TG was 95.0(10.0), while the higher scores were for chewing [100.0(7.5)] stability [100.0(10.0)] and esthetics [100.0(10.0)] and the lower scores were for ease of cleaning [85.0(25.0)] and speaking ability [100.0(12.5)]. With prolonged follow-up, the total OHIP-20 score decreased significantly at first and then remained stable with minor fluctuations. Conclusions: Based on the present study, immediate rehabilitation with implant-supported full-arch prostheses was a feasible treatment program that had a long-term positive impact on OHRQoL, provided strong psychological and sociological support to the patients and restored the chewing and speech functions effectively.