Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to clinically evaluate the five-year outcomes of implants placed following a combined approach to the sinus, consisting of sequential drills and osteotomes. Medical records of patients with implants placed in combination with crestal sinus lift using sequential drills and osteotomes, with a residual alveolar bone crest between 4 to 8 mm, and a follow-up of at least five years after final loading, were evaluated. Outcomes were implant and prosthetic survival and success rates, any complication, and marginal bone loss. Data from 96 patients (53 women and 43 men; mean age 54.7 years; range 23–79 years) were collected. A total of 105 single implants were analyzed. After five years of function, two implants were lost and two prostheses failed. No major biological or prosthetic complications occurred. At the five-year examination, the marginal bone loss was 1.24 ± 0.28 mm. Within the limitations of this retrospective study it can be concluded that implants placed following a combined approach to the sinus consisting of sequential drills and osteotomes seem to be a viable option for the treatment of posterior atrophic edentulous maxilla.
Highlights
Maxillary sinus lift with one or two staged implant installation is a suitable technique for both complete and partial edentulous patients [1]
All the implants were inserted with a surgical motor equipped with external cooling, and set with a maximum implant speed insertion of 40 rpm and 35 Ncm of torque (Bien Air Swiss)
All the implants were placed at the crest level or slightly above
Summary
Maxillary sinus lift with one or two staged implant installation is a suitable technique for both complete and partial edentulous patients [1]. In these patients an alveolar ridge atrophy, both vertical and horizontal, may occur due to the maxillary sinus pneumatization, requiring different surgical approaches prior, or in combination with implant placement [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. In 1974 [13], and a few years later by Boyne and co-authors [14] According to this approach, named a lateral sinus lift, a lateral bone window is opened, and bone substitute is grafted under the elevated Schneider membrane. Use of stem cells has been proposed, but according to a recent study, it seems not to significantly improve the implant survival rate, and/or the efficacy of bone regeneration following sinus lift procedure [15,16]
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