Abstract
Implant periapical lesion (IPL) is an infectious-inflammatory alteration surrounding an implant apex. It is a multifactorial disease that may ultimately cause implant failure. The diagnosis of IPL is based on examination of clinical manifestations and apical radiolucency. Many etiologies have been attributed to IPL, including preexisting microbial pathology and surgical trauma. Moreover, many systems have been used to classify IPL based on different parameters. To date, non-surgical and surgical treatment, as well as removal of failed implants, have been considered to successfully manage IPL. However, prevention of IPL surpasses all modes of treatment. An increased number of IPL cases are expected as implants have become standard for tooth replacement in dentate arches. Therefore, it is necessary to understand IPL more comprehensively. Herein, an introduction to IPL, including its etiology, diagnosis, classification, treatment, and prevention, has been undertaken.
Highlights
Periapical Lesion: A NarrativeImplant periapical lesion (IPL) is an infectious-inflammatory alternation surrounding implant apex that leads to implant failure [1,2,3,4]
Different nomenclatures were used in literature to refer to IPL, including apical implantitis, apical peri-implantitis, early peri-implantitis, endodontic-implant pathology, inflammatory implant periapical lesion, periapical implant lesion, periapical implant pathology, retrograde peri-implant infection, and retrograde peri-implantitis [6,7,8,9]; these terms were defined somewhat differently [7,10]
There is no conimplants dothenot withstand anyandbacterial during first stage of sensus on etiology of IPL [22], it remainschallenge unclear whether
Summary
Implant periapical lesion (IPL) is an infectious-inflammatory alternation surrounding implant apex that leads to implant failure [1,2,3,4]. The prevalence of IPL varies from 0.26% to 9.9%, and its incidence may reach 7.8% if adjacent teeth receive endodontic treatment [6,7,9,12,13]. The endodontic status of the tooth extracted from the implant site and adjacent teeth could affect the occurrence of IPL [18]. An increased presence of IPL has been noted when endodontic treatment fails in adjacent teeth or prior to implant placement [10]. There are some differences between IPL and peri-implantitis based on the involved pathogens (i.e., endodontic pathogens in IPL and periodontal pathogens in peri-implantitis), rate of expansion, and pathway of infection [7]. Modes of treatment and prevention of IPL mildly differ from those of peri-implantitis. The aim of this narrative review article was to introduce IPL, including etiology, diagnosis, classification, treatment, and prevention
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
